Machine learning is a broad field of study that overlaps with and borrows ideas from many other disciplines, including artificial intelligence. The field’s emphasis is on learning or gaining skills or knowledge through experience. Typically, this entails extracting useful concepts from historical data.
As a result, as a practitioner in the field of machine learning, you may encounter many different types of learning, ranging from entire fields of study to specific techniques. This post will provide you with a gentle introduction to how many types are available in machine learning in 2022.
1. Supervised Learning
Supervised learning refers to a class of problems in which a model is used to learn a mapping between input examples and the target variable.
Models are fit on training data with inputs and outputs and used to make predictions on test sets with only the inputs provided, and the model’s outputs are compared to the withheld target variables to estimate the model’s skill.
“Supervised” algorithms learn by making predictions given examples of input data, and the models are supervised and corrected via an algorithm to better predict the expected target outputs in the training dataset.
2. Unsupervised Learning
Unsupervised learning refers to a class of problems in which a model is used to describe or extract relationships in data.
Unsupervised learning, in contrast to supervised learning, operates solely on input data, with no outputs or target variables. As a result, unlike supervised learning, unsupervised learning does not have a teacher correcting the model.
Unsupervised methods such as visualization, which involves graphing or plotting data in various ways, and projection methods, which involve reducing the dimensionality of the data, may also be used.
3. Reinforcement Learning
Reinforcement learning refers to a class of problems in which an agent operates in a given environment and must learn to operate based on feedback.
The use of an environment implies that there is no fixed training dataset, but rather a goal or set of goals that an agent must achieve, actions that they may take, and feedback on performance toward the goal.
It is similar to supervised learning in that the model has some response to learn from, but the feedback may be delayed and statistically noisy, making it difficult for the agent or model to connect cause and effect.
4. Self Supervised Learning
Self-supervised learning refers to an unsupervised learning problem that is framed as a supervised learning problem in order to solve it using supervised learning algorithms.
Supervised learning algorithms are used to solve an alternate or pretext task, the result of which is a model or representation that can be used to solve the original (actual) modeling problem.
5. Online Learning
Online learning entails using the available data and directly updating the model before making a prediction or after the last observation.
Online learning is appropriate for problems in which observations are provided over time and the probability distribution of those observations is expected to change over time. As a result, the model is expected to change on a regular basis in order to capture and harness those changes. This was in nutshell about the types of machine learning. To know more about how to become a fullstock developer, click here.
